so I would love to welcome to Nay Tandon onto the stage uh Tanae as the CEO and founder of othellis a digital Health company that you're going to be hearing all about YC first met tenae when he was 17 years old when he first won YC's first hackathon now othellis benefits hundreds of thousands of patients Across the Nation and the company is worth more than a billion dollars welcome to Nay oh today thank you so much for being here thanks for having me yeah of course so let's start with um can you tell us a little bit about what othellis does yeah um fellas builds uh remote patient monitoring and revenue cycle management tools for Healthcare systems and Healthcare practices we started primarily when we went through YC we were primarily a Diagnostics company so we built a device for in-home Diagnostics associated with febrile neutropenia patients that were on immunosuppressive medications and that's really what got our start and it's still one of the larger Revenue lines in the in the business okay amazing so um today how old were you when you started the company um I did YC after I was 19 during YC okay okay all right and so um I hear a lot of folks saying hey you have to be like an executive at a biotech company before you can start you know a startup what gave you the confidence you know at 17 19 um to jump out there and start a company I I think a lot of times being an executive in a biotech company could have helped honestly but um I think I think the um the reality is is that you know things like YC exists now and and these things didn't exist or you know exist in biotech 10 15 years ago and and also I mean the internet the fact that you can like learn almost anything like we learned how to do our 510k submission by Googling like and and so you know the and the first draft of it the FDA could tell it was by Googling and so um and and and and so I think this this concept that you can actually iterate your way to to get good at something is fairly new um and it's very it's definitely new in biotech and Healthcare um and so I you know I think something that's deep in othellis's culture even today is just very first principle thinking there's no Market you can't actually build in um and if someone tells you you can't build and build in it they probably run it currently and they don't want people to to enter it and that's what it comes down to right right so tell us how you got started how did you find your co-founder how did you find that first diagnostic concept you wanted to work on yeah so I um I was a research intern at the Stanford AI lab and my co-founder Deepa one of my best friends since since high school um we we've competed against each other in science fairs um and her uh her research was at the Stanford multi-modality Imaging lab uh right across the street uh and she was also a research intern there through high school and then afterwards as well and I think it was really interesting because one of the data sets that I came across we trained you know very simple uh you know CNN on was essentially classifying red blood cells that had malaria and versus those that didn't have malarial parasites in them and I think the idea was like okay if we can get high resolution enough images of a small volume of blood we could probably do this for you know any type of blood cell and as a result you could generate a CBC from a small volume of blood very very quickly and and that was that was really it like I think it was it was clear from a first principle standpoint that look Pathologists you know used to be the primary way of doing a cell count and if you can automate that with with computer vision and microfluidics you can you can generate this really important blood test um in in a point of care setting or even in a patient's home okay so what was your co-founder doing when you tapped her on the shoulder to begin this thing how did that conversation go what was her initial reaction yeah I mean she was in she was in school as well and I think she she sort of saw it as like a summer research project and and that's how I pitched it as well and then at some point during the summer it was like well now we can't go back to school and and so we um I I think I think what interested her about it and also what interested me about it was it was a really interesting application of you know two research fields that we both worked in and we both loved um in a very tangible way and and I think that's it really started as a research project and then you know once we noticed it was working we realized it was important to build a business here and actually turn this into a product okay how how your family or other people around you respond to you wanting to drop out of school yeah I I think it was it was definitely a battle uh convincing you know like both of our parents in terms of hey we're going to take some time off and similarly it was pitched as a quarter off and then a year off and then we're not going back now and so it but it I think once once it was even for us like what gave us conviction to leave was we could see that it was starting to work like the the you know our very first bench trial who worked incredible our first clinical trial you know we were able to do during YC and also you know had some really incredible data and it was clear that there was something here okay great so at what point in those early days did you discover YC decide to apply to YC what was your thought process there yeah so I mean growing up in the Bay Area YC was sort of ever present um and I you know I went to Startup School in in 2013 I think and it was um you know PG and Sam were interviewing Zuckerberg and then they had Jack Dorsey come and speak and so it was I mean it was just part of The Ether here um and and I think it was so exciting that you could see I remember I saw flexport's YC interview on stage um and like I think Paul Graham made him do it live in front of everyone uh and it was just such an exciting exciting moment and and so we we ended up doing like the first version of italus was actually built at YC hacks when it was purely focused on can we detect a malaria parasite versus you know just a binary classifier um and and so that's how I got introduced to YC and then we applied once and it was too early so we got rejected and then we played the second time and we got in and then we you know we did ycee that's great and so what was the batch like for you what did you spend your time doing I think the it's interesting because it was really really helpful that there were software companies in our batch that had week over week growth metrics and the thing I loved about it is that if you're a competitive person and you see someone else's graph going up and you're sitting here with this you know shitty Raspberry Pi and the thing isn't working you're gonna get really mad at yourself and and I and I think the the fact that there was this pacing that there was someone who pays too uh was was incredible and like Scalia I was in our batch I still chased that company and and you know I think I think the the the beauty of having people that are operating faster than you is you will you will try to acclimate to their Pace um and that to me was was one of the most incredible things about YC uh and so you know the during our batch we started we set really aggressive Milestones around you know yes you know we didn't we wanted to make sure that the fact that we were a biotech or digital Health company was not an excuse for for delivery results which it can become because you you convince yourself that there's you so many there's just so many roads right which there are there are a lot of roadblocks when you're working with hardware and you're working in a lab and so we before even starting YC we said we're going to finish a clinical trial and it is going to have FDA grade results by the end of the by the end of these 10 weeks or 12 weeks uh and and I think using that as our North Star just forced a level of speed and execution that wouldn't have been possible otherwise okay so you're saying that during the three months at YC you wanted to finish your clinical trial that means you must have started long before you entered YC right no not not quite so we we um we definitely we had early versions of the device we had a you know a pretty simple partnership with Stanford where we would get their residual samples and we'd be able to run uh run tests but the trial itself came together during the batch um we basically you know we emailed dozens of labs we emailed dozens of local clinics um you know and the brand names like I think Stanford quoted like half a million dollars to run the trial and like we had 120k from YC at the time it's just not going to happen um and and also I think Stanford's timeline was like this will happen like in Q3 2018 which is like it's just unfathomable when you're thinking about you know a 10-week timeline um and so I think it it was a lot of it was a lot of Outreach um and we found you know a lab in Mexico that was actually run by one of deepika's uh friends and Friends families from from college and we were able to very quickly get something set up we scoped the trial you know patient selection IRB approved it in like a week and it was just a lot of pinging like we had to get people to conform to our timelines versus working with their timelines so you started and finished a clinical study during the three months yeah and for what it's worth this is you know a class two diagnostic you know if you're working with like implantables or you're working you know with with a drug it's a very different I'm sure there's an equivalently ambitious Benchmark but it's probably not going to be the whole clinical trial but but for us we thought this was the right level of heart where this was a trial that could actually be done in you know you sit with the device you run a comparison study against the lab you can do it in and you do it with stations you could do it in a couple days once you have all the necessary access so were you also interacting with the FDA or doing anything on the regulatory end we so at this point of time we had I think we had sent we had one or two pieces of communication just trying to honestly just understand and clarify the requirements for for our device and we identified that look as a Class 2 device you know there's a pretty clear you know a predicate in the form of the sysmax CBC machine and there was some clarifying questions but that was it like if you if you message the FDA they tell you that we will schedule a pre-submission meeting in like six months and that's like it's just not good enough right and and the reality is that as a startup you you're a heat seeking missile for a very specific goal in a very very fast timeline um and so we scrounge together what we could and we knew the trial probably wouldn't be perfect because we hadn't done a pre-submission but we we you know leveraging what they had publicly available we we scoped and designed that on our own okay and what went into the thought process of you know submitting a pre-sub or not isn't conventional wisdom to submit a precept no yeah I I it was for I think pre-subs are like I said a waste of time when it comes to um it's it's just the way I really feel like it's a way for the FDA to buy time um and I think the the reality is is that just get your submission in all the feedback you're going to get will be in that response because they're legally obligated to give you a response within 90 days total and you will then during that time you will be iterating on you know your trial design your patient election probably even parts of your device and and I think that it's really important to find wherever you can overlap timelines in healthcare you have to take advantage of that so we don't do pre-subs we submit the thing we know we're going to get you know lengthy additional information requests and then we run with it we did the same thing at Envision because uh with a pre-sub it's 90 days before they even schedule a meeting with you and then it's more time after that and the feedback they give you was in binding so 510k thing is faster so I prefer it just going straight for the kill that's the other thing the precept feedback isn't even binding so like they can just tell you something and then like completely reverse it like six months later and I've had I've had companies go through that where they do the preset they say oh we kind of like this trial design and then later they say just kidding so um and so if so you had all the clinical trial data you submitted the 5 to 10K what was it like kind of after you left YC those first initial years and what caused the pivot as well yeah I mean I I think what's interesting is that the I the the years immediately following YC though it's like a year year and a half two year time period was was really challenging and it was um there were like moments of serious despair just because I remember we got our first additional information request back and it was it was pretty much like getting an F on a report card like it was just it was it was 40 pages or like there were 40 additional information requests most of them were like redo this redo this redo this and we had like a year year and a half worth of burn left um and so it wasn't we were not in the most comfortable position and and I think the um the thing that kept us going was you know when I first got that that additional information request back from the FDA it was very much so like okay like they're not going to clear us that's kind of what it felt like and then when you broke down the information and put it on a to-do list I remember like our CTO dhruv and I we stayed up till three right after we got the response and we just made a you know 30 page Google doc with a to-do list of what are the things the FDA wants from us and honestly the morning it felt a lot more attainable and so then we sprinted for six months and you know in 2018 we were in summer 16 was our YC batch in 2018 we finally got the clearance uh and and so I think the two years in between doing YC and getting the clearance something that was really important was we kept the pace of YC alive because there were times where it felt like especially in the six months after it felt like we were going slower and I couldn't quite fathom why and I think part of it was that the batch didn't really exist in in like and I still saw you know other other companies but it wasn't like this like mad rush to to go um you know to go deliver results and make your group partner happy and you know beat your other you know fellow companies um and and so I think we figured out ways to replicate that you know I started doing check-ins with my group partner um again and uh um and and that that sort of helped reset the tempo uh and then I think the next thing you asked about is how the sort of product transformed and evolved so I mean today at all's you know the the initial device is it's a segment right it's it's a it's a part of our Revenue we after clearance we in the first six months we scaled to about one two million in ARR and it was uh it was great like we had patients that really needed the device we had clinicians that were relying on the system every week for for their for their patients on clozapine and their patients on immunosuppressive medications and we quickly quickly realized that like look we can scale this business probably to tens of millions of ARR over the next four or five years but if we want to build a business that is you know doing hundreds of millions or billions in run rate we need to expand what we offer these these these it's almost like the same way fintechs expands share of wallet we realized we needed to expand share of patient in a clinic and what we did is that we introduced on on the foundations of that first device we introduced hypertensive monitoring programs medication endurance programs uh we you know started expanding the revenue cycle in the practice and when you go into a healthcare clinic they need so many tools and everything is broken and and I think the biggest realization was that once you have the trust of the doctor and the trust of the patient you can be that that technology provider that technology partner that actually builds so much more than just that first device for them uh and that's that's really how I wouldn't even call it a pivot necessarily because we just added product lines and you know our our acvs went from ten thousand dollars per Clinic to now hundreds of thousands of dollars per Clinic uh and and that's that's kind of the the equation we had in our mind so so clearly that move was fruitful going from tens of thousands to a hundred thousand hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of Revenue per clinic at the time that you wanted to expand how did your existing investors react what was that conversation like with them honestly if it wasn't a conversation I I think the the our approach was look we have delivered on the initial like you you I think you earned the right to both with your customers and your investors and honestly your employees you earned the right to to build more as you deliver customer happiness on on the first pieces and for us there would have been you know no remote patient monitoring Suite or revenue cycle Suite that is now like that are now the core Revenue drivers for the business without without the first device and so I think there was a lot of trust you know we got the FDA clearance in in record time um there was trust that we could execute and I think the like roll off from from Sequoia says is you know is that the Tam is Tam is like a fake number there's no such thing as a total addressable Market Tam is just a measure of the ambition of the founding team that's it and I really I really believe that which is if you if you execute again and again and again you unlock more Tam and if your customers need you and you continue to deliver products that help them you will grow as a business okay absolutely so you mentioned employees a little bit and a lot of early stage entrepreneurs or people who have been thinking about starting companies wonder how they're going to grow their initial team or find the right people to get the company off the ground do you have any words of advice for them yeah definitely I think I think the our initial team I mean you know Drew who joined our founding team is is CTO um just this like hacker mindset right like the the two of us could work on problems for Endless amounts of time deep gut you know innately a hacker mindset and I think there's a lot of push that people get from investors or people get from you know even just conventional wisdom that they need to hire the you know the the biopharma exec or the med device exec that that went and did XYZ it's a very different skill set like and and one example that I use is even in like even in sales right A lot of times you'll hear from folks like you need to go hire the person that's selling like four million dollars worth of product a year and I remember we hired someone from like Salesforce right that was like selling tons of product every year and we're like this guy's going to be an awesome awesome sales leader Etc the reality is like Salesforce is like kind of like a tax on startups at this point of time right like the money's going to show up whether that guy was selling or not it's like it's like hiring someone from the IRS like it doesn't really matter because like the money will show up like people need will always be buying Salesforce you our most successful sales reps and this is a slight deviation from what you initially asked but our most successful sales reps for example like one of them was a sold like was it door-to-door pesticide salesman like like a really hard product to sell like that guy was grinding in order to sell one you know one person and our our belief has always you know been slopes versus intercepts which is find people that will work really hard to learn the underlying thing um and and and don't you know haven't had to Coast uh at any point of time because like again like there's products that just sell themselves and they're not going to be good salespeople and I think it's similar on engineering the same philosophy like honestly people from the Googles of the world just haven't been great fits at a thousand and I think you know we've chatted with other startups this is often the case um unless you pick from a very specific team that actually has a fast shipping Cadence yeah so that's so you think it's the the fast shipping Cadence that makes all the difference yeah any anyone that's had to fight for survival is going to be good and if they've lasted long enough and anyone that's had to deliver results on a you know on a weekly or monthly time Horizon will be good and and anyone that you know doesn't have to do that if their job would exist if if you know they were working at 25 it's not going to be a good fit early on at a startup okay okay fantastic today can you give us a snapshot of where othellis is today Revenue how much money have you raised dear investors that sort of thing and maybe what your future plans are for the company yeah I think I think so you know the high level we want to end the year at a 50 million run rate we are you know in total or 300 people uh you know 150 in India 120-ish here and then like we have 30 that are kind of remote spread around the world um the uh you know today our product is is essential to the clinics then and healthcare providers that we work with and I think for me it's very clear that there's so much to build for these customers which is why we're all here today uh whether that's in devices whether that's you know in software whether that's in other forms of tooling whether that's bringing care directly to patients and cutting out middlemen wherever you can um I think I think for a Solace really our end goal is if you look at our product Pipeline and you look at you know what we're shipping week over week it's very clearly just like what is it that makes the doctor's life 10 easier right like what is it that they currently do manually that we can use software to automate for them or on the diagnostic side what is another test that we can launch that eliminates uh you know a two-hour drive back and forth for a patient to go into clinic and then you know come back home and then get results two weeks later uh and so like honestly our product Evolution is somewhat boring I'd say for the next like two years with the exception of probably like one or two areas where we're starting to apply things like large language models and it's like very exciting and you can suddenly do things that we weren't able to do a year ago um so I I I'd say like just more infrastructural back-end you know admin tools for healthcare providers and you know in-home Diagnostics and sensors for patients that's fantastic so today in the audience we have a lot of entrepreneurs a couple of years into their journey and some folks who are just on the fence about whether or not to take this leap of faith and start a company any advice for budding entrepreneurs yeah I think I think the there's the um like the Sam Altman saying right of like uh like the real risk is not taking a risk and and I think it's super true and it's it it will be very very hard like if you're if you're gonna take the jump be ready for like 10 years of pain um and and and but but with with pieces of fun and you know just like really exciting moments uh that that make it all worth it and and so I think the the other thing that I tell people is like it the only things that are really worth doing are the ones that you can compound in for a long time and and so pick problem spaces that you're genuinely excited about and and then just you know I think the score takes care of itself after that like if you if you work hard every day nothing else really matters thank you today for sharing your journey with us incredible thank you very much [Applause]